Ask students to name other types of diseases that are communicable, including recent diseases of national concern e. To reduce that burden an integrated approach is required, combining health promotion, disease prevention and patient treatment. Anthrax has an acute onset characterized by several clinical forms. Communicable diseases are classified into nine types according to the nature of the pathogen causing agent. This common types of communicable diseases is a comprehensive lesson to encompass your entire classroom period. The purpose of the communicable disease reference guide for schools.
The four main types of noncommunicable diseases include cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes. From the coronaviruscased covid19 to influenza, lyme disease malaria and ebola, outbreaks of infectious diseases can have an extraordinary impact on human health. For example cancer is a typical type i disease, tb and aids being typical of type ii with type iii diseases broadly corresponding to the infectious tropical diseases such as leishmaniasis or malaria. Proportional mortality % of total deaths, all ages, and of both sexes for communicable, maternal. Airborne diseases legionellosis meningococcal disease pneumococcal infections tuberculosis 2. A short non communicable diseases list with analysis. Describe the burden of communicable diseases in ethiopia. From the coronaviruscased covid19 to influenza, lyme disease malaria and ebola, outbreaks of infectious diseases can have an. Communicable disease control 1 chapter one introduction 1. A related nonpathogenic strain is distinct epidemiologically and biologically from the. Acute communicable diseases amebiasis page 1 amebiasis 1. Communicable diseases international college, beirut. Plasmodium parasites infect people and attack the red blood cells, which often leads to severe illness and death. Communicable diseases constitute a considerable proportion of the global burden of morbidity and mortality, accounting in 2002 for 23.
Measles is the third most common cause of death in children under 5 years of. The thirteen common communicable diseases found in india are as follows. Define epidemiology and epidemiological terminologies. Blended learning module for the health extension programme. Communicable diseases, causative agent, incubation period, mode of transmission, sign and symptoms, preventive measure all detail as per pci syllabus. General illness prevention measures most communicable diseases can be prevented through basic infection control measures such as regular handwashing, practicing respiratory etiquette covering coughs and sneezes, and proper disinfection of high touchhigh traffic surfaces. General advice on prevention of communicable diseases. The diseases are often transferred directly from person to person through contact with body fluids, breathing in germs released into the air or contact with the skin, especially when there are open sores. Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite that exists as a trophozoite and cyst. Agestandardized death rates for cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes were calculated using the who standard population 5, 6. Introduction to communicable for class v practice page, free worksheet pdf and lesson on communicable and non communicable diseases for class 5 worksheet pdf, how do the four pathogens virus, bacteria, fungi and protozoa spread to cause communicable diseases. A contact is defined as a child less than 5 years of age who has been in direct contact with the index afp.
The prerequisite for success in this fight is the participation of all health care professionals. Infections and infectious diseases are a great burden on many societies, including the countries in the who european region. Guideline on prevention of communicable diseases in. Defining disease types i, ii and iii the cewg was tasked with framing its analysis around disease types that were first introduced by the commission on macroeconomics and health and elaborated in the report of the commission on intellectual property rights, innovation and public health.
Help control communicable diseases vaccines are now available to control the majority of diseases that have caused illness and death in children in the past. Some behaviors such as a lack of physical activity, poor diet or smoking which could lead to. Respirato slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In part 1 study sessions 112, you will first learn the basic concepts in the transmission, prevention and control of communicable diseases, which forms the foundation for all the sessions in later parts of the module. Identify the major communicable diseases that pose health problems in ethiopia. Communicable disease profile for afghanistan and neighbouring countries who communicable disease wg on emergenciesoctober 2001 2 introduction this document is intended to provide health professionals working in afghanistan and neighbouring countries with information on the major epidemic and endemic disease threats faced by the displaced.
Non communicable diseases kill over 36 million people every year. The common cold, strep throat, gastroenteritis and herpes infections are among the most common communicable diseases. Share with students that the manner in which these diseases spread depends on the specific disease or infectious agent and that some diseases have multiple methods of. Communicable diseases can be spread through bodily fluids, contaminated surfaces, air or food. The parasites are spread to people through the bites of infected anopheles mosquitoes, which are the malaria vectors and which bite mainly between dusk and dawn there are four types of human malaria. The burden and determinants of non communicable diseases risk factors. There are many diseases which are due to hereditary, genetic or due to lifestyle and environment which causes non communicable diseases.
This post will give you a glimpse at top 5 most common contagious diseases in the country. Jun, 2018 some noncommunicable diseases are more common than others. The terms anophelines and culicines refer to all species of these mosquito types. Jul 27, 2017 communicable diseases can be spread through bodily fluids, contaminated surfaces, air or food. As their name suggests, common colds are extremely common. Complete with not only the lesson plan, this also includes an introductory activity, body of lesson, reinforcement activity and an evaluation tool. Some risk factors of non communicable diseases include the environment, lifestyle or background such as the genetics, age, exposure to air pollution or gender of a person. Noncommunicable diseases, intended as the results of a combination of inherited, environmental and biological factors, kill 40 million people each year, equivalent to roughly 70% of.
Noncommunicable diseases ncds also known as chronic diseases are not passed from person to person. Communicable diseases are spread from person to person or from animal to person. Non communicable diseases, intended as the results of a combination of inherited, environmental and biological factors, kill 40 million people each year, equivalent to roughly 70% of. Direct contact with nose and throat discharges and feces of infected people and by droplet spread.
Acute communicable disease control manual b73 revisionaugust 2011 part iv. According to the centers for disease control and prevention cdc, adults have an average of 2 to 3 colds each year and children usually have even more 1 2 3. For ncds, all disease events are generally independent of one another. The minister of health and community services has the ultimate responsibility for this. The communicable disease profile for iraq is a collaboration. Local health departments are required to report some 80 communicable diseases to the california department of public health as part of the disease surveillance and investigation efforts. Ncds include parkinsons disease, autoimmune diseases, strokes, most heart diseases, most cancers, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, alzheimers disease, cataracts, and others. Diseases, dekalb county board of health, at 404 5087851. Other or unspecified infectious and parasitic diseases. Non communicable diseases are chronic diseases which affect the human body for longterm. Explanation of terms control of communicable diseases manual. Identify aids as a communicable and deadly disease. There are two common types of mosquitoes that lay their eggs in water. Communicable disease diseases that are spread from one person to the other.
World health organisation world economic forum report of a joint event. Some are transmitted through bites from insects while others are caused by ingesting contaminated food or water. Types of communicable diseases and their prevention in. Some noncommunicable diseases are more common than others. Sudden onset fever for 3 5 days, chills, tiredness, malaise not feeling well, musculoskeletal aches, nasal discharge, dry cough, mild sore throat. Jun 06, 2018 in this article, i list the common examples of noncommunicable noncontagious diseases, their causes, prevention and risk factors. For ncds, the risk of disease largely depends on population characteristics and. Worldwide, the lack of clean water for drinking, cooking and washing, and. Jan 01, 2018 communicable diseases, causative agent, incubation period, mode of transmission, sign and symptoms, preventive measure all detail as per pci syllabus. Diseases that are catching diseases that are caused by germs or pathogens. Those diseases that are required by indiana law communicable disease reporting rule for physicians, hospitals, and laboratories, 410 iac 12.
Preventing noncommunicable diseases in the workplace through diet and physical activity. Epidemiology of common communicable diseases poster. Preventing and controlling the spread of disease is at the heart of much public health work. Communicable diseases have a variety of symptoms and can be caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites. Definition of communicable disease states that any infectious disease which gets transmitted from one person to another through direct.
Diseases transmitted by nonconventional agents transmissible spongiform encephalopathies variant cjd 2. Immigration from or travel to a developing country within 6 months prior to onset. Differentiate between communicable and non communicable diseases. The different types of diseases, especially, infectious diseases can be prevented by taking the right measures. A non communicable disease ncd is a disease that is not transmissible directly from one person to another. Communicable disease american public health association. Communicable disease an overview sciencedirect topics.
Influenza flu viral disease epidemics usually in winter. Concepts on communicable diseases concepts on communicable. Sexually transmitted and hivaids vector borne communicable diseases. The different points in the progression of a disease at which one can intervene. A noncommunicable disease ncd is a disease that is not transmissible directly from one person to another. Describe what an acronym is, and state what the acronym aids stands for. Medical treatments help to control many others, but schools and child care centers must continue to play an important role in controlling the spread of communicable disease. It can be transmitted by anopheles mosquito which feeds on blood. It is a very common infectious disease that is characterized by intense itching and dry, scaly lesions on the skin, nails, and scalp.
They are of long duration and, generally, slow progression. Guidelines on prevention of communicable diseases in rches. The definition of diseases into types mixes a number of concepts together including the wealth of a country between rich and poor. Communicable diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in. The communicable diseases act and the communicable diseases amendments order, 1998 appendix a constitute the statutory basis for the control of communicable diseases in newfoundland and labrador. Communicable diseases in nigeria can be described as one of the biggest problems of our land. Communicable, or infectious diseases, are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another.
Proportional mortality % of total deaths, all ages, and of both sexes for communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions. The danger of communicable diseases has increased a lot. Local health departments are required to report some 80 communicable diseases to the california department of public health as part of the disease. Communicable diseases refer to diseases that can be transmitted and make people ill. Communicable diseases who regional office for africa. The incubation period is 15 to 17 days until the first symptoms of the mumps virus appears. Staff in the who regional offices and colleagues from the who departments of prevention of noncommunicable diseases, and nutrition for health and development, participated in the organization of the meeting and provided valuable contributions to the meeting report. Moisture and heat are the favourable factors that help the fungi grow. Communicable disease occurrence depends upon the presence absence of disease already occurring in that population. It is generally a mild disease causing few, if any, symptoms, but in some. Communicable diseases reading and question sheet noncommunicable diseases reading and question sheet visual word wall vocabulary recording sheet cards for a large class tchart student tcharts spreading and preventing disease activity day 1.
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